22.4 Compare and Contrast Traditional and Activity-Based Costing Methods
Detailed Comparisonβ
This section provides a more detailed comparison of the two methods.
Cost Allocation Philosophyβ
Traditional:
- Assumes overhead is driven by volume (direct labor, machine hours)
- "All products consume overhead proportionally to volume"
- Simple assumption
ABC:
- Assumes overhead is driven by activities
- "Different products consume different activities"
- More realistic assumption
Accuracy of Cost Assignmentβ
Traditional:
- May overcost high-volume, simple products
- May undercost low-volume, complex products
- Volume bias
ABC:
- More accurate cost assignment
- Reflects actual resource consumption
- Activity-based, not volume-based
Implementation Complexityβ
Traditional:
- Simple to implement
- Single overhead rate
- Easy to understand
- Low maintenance
ABC:
- Complex to implement
- Multiple activities and rates
- Requires analysis
- Higher maintenance
Cost Information Qualityβ
Traditional:
- Adequate for simple businesses
- May be misleading for diverse products
- Less detailed
ABC:
- More detailed information
- Better for decision-making
- More accurate profitability
Decision-Making Supportβ
Traditional:
- May lead to wrong decisions
- Cost distortions affect decisions
- Less useful for complex decisions
ABC:
- Supports better decisions
- More accurate cost information
- Better pricing and product mix decisions
Example: Product Mix Decisionβ
Scenario: Company produces two products using traditional costing:
- Product A: Shows 30% profit margin
- Product B: Shows 20% profit margin
- Decision: Focus on Product A
Using ABC:
- Product A: Actually 15% profit margin (was overcosted)
- Product B: Actually 25% profit margin (was undercosted)
- Decision: Should focus on Product B
Impact:
- Wrong decision with traditional costing
- Better decision with ABC
Cost Managementβ
Traditional:
- Focuses on controlling direct costs
- Overhead is "lumped together"
- Hard to identify overhead issues
ABC:
- Identifies activities that drive costs
- Can manage activities
- Better cost control
Luxembourg Compliance Noteβ
In Luxembourg:
- Both methods provide cost information
- ABC may provide better insights
- Consider business complexity
- Use method that provides useful information
- Can improve profitability with better costing
Think It Throughβ
How can inaccurate costing lead to poor business decisions? What are the consequences of using traditional costing when ABC would be more appropriate?